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Education In Finland
Education in Finland is an education system with no tuition fees and with fully subsidised meals served
to full-time students. The present education system in Finland consists of daycare programmes (for
babies and toddlers) and a one-year "pre-school" (or kindergarten for six-year-olds); a nine-year
compulsory basic comprehensive school (starting at age seven and ending at
the age of sixteen); post-compulsory secondary general academic and vocational
education; higher education (University and University of applied sciences);
and adult (lifelong, continuing) education. The Finnish strategy for achieving
equality and excellence in education has been based on constructing a publicly
funded comprehensive school system without selecting, tracking, or
streaming students during their common basic education. Part of the strategy has been to
spread the school network so that pupils have a school near their homes
whenever possible or, if this is not feasible, e.g. in rural areas, to provide
free transportation to more widely dispersed schools. Inclusive special
education within the classroom and instructional efforts to minimize low
achievement are also typical of Nordic educational systems.
After their
nine-year basic education in a comprehensive school, students at the age
of 16 may choose to continue their secondary education in either an academic
track (lukio)
or a vocational track (ammattikoulu), both of which usually take three
years and give a qualification to continue to tertiary education. Tertiary
education is divided into university and polytechnic (ammattikorkeakoulu, also known as
"university of applied sciences") systems. Universities award licentiate-
and doctoral-level
degrees. Formerly, only university graduates could obtain higher (postgraduate)
degrees, however, since the implementation of the Bologna
process, all bachelor's degree holders can now qualify for further
academic studies. There are 17 universities and 27 universities of applied
sciences in the country.
The Education
Index, published with the UN's Human Development Index in 2008, based on data from 2006,
lists Finland as 0.993, amongst the highest in the world, tied for first with Denmark, Australia and New Zealand. The Finnish Ministry of Education
attributes its success to "the education system (uniform basic education
for the whole age group), highly competent teachers, and the autonomy given to
schools."
Finland has
consistently ranked high in the PISA study, which compares national
educational systems internationally, although in the recent years Finland has
been displaced from the very top. In the 2012 study, Finland ranked sixth in
reading, twelfth in mathematics and fifth in science, while back in the 2003
study Finland was first in both science and reading and second in mathematics. Finland's
tertiary Education has moreover been ranked first by the World Economic Forum.
While celebrated for its overall success,
Finland's gender gap on the 2012 PISA reading examinations was identified in a
2015 Brookings Institution report as the largest among participating
nations. The performance of 15-year-old boys on that reading examination was
not significantly different from OECD averages and 0.66 standard deviations
behind that of girls the same age.
Question
and Answer.
- What is the topic of the passage?
My answer : The
systhematic education In finland
- What is the main idea of paragraph 4?
- Which of the following is mention the achievement of
education in Finland?
My answer: in paragraph 4
- The pronoun
“both” in paragraph 2 line 3 (both of which usually
take…) refers to?
My answer: academic track and vocational track
- The pronoun “its” in
paragraph 3 line 4 (The
Finnish Ministry of Education attributes its success to "the education system) refers to?
- It is implied that education in Finland is?
My answer: The Best
- The paragraph preceding this passage most probably discuses?
My answer: system and educational achievement attained by Finland
- The word “tuition” in line 1 is closest meaning
to?
My answer: Fund
- The word “ranked” in paragraph 4 line 1 is
closest meaning to?
My answer: Infest
- What is the
meaning of “dispersed” in
paragraph 1line 13?
My answer: unable to concentrate
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